Journal
FUEL
Volume 215, Issue -, Pages 541-550Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2017.11.085
Keywords
Acidic ionic liquid; Transesterification; Double-acid active site; Biodiesel
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [21306063]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [JUSRP51507]
- Key Research and Development Program of Jiangsu Province [BE2015204]
- MOE
- SAFEA [B13025]
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Different amounts of acidic ionic liquid sulfonic acid functionalized imidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([Ps-im] HSO4) were immobilized on the acidic organic-inorganic hybrid mesoporous material SO42-/ZrO2-SiO2(Et) by the chemical grafting. The structure of the catalyst was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, N2 absorption-desorption measurement, XPS and TG. The results showed that the ethane-bridge organosilica moieties were incorporated into the framework of SO42-/ZrO2, enhancing the acidity of SO42-/ZrO2-SiO2(Et) with respect to SO4 (2-)/ZrO2. Meanwhile, the ionic liquid was successfully immobilized onto the acidic mesoporous materials SO42-/ZrO2--SiO2(Et) and with the increase of ionic liquid loading, the BET surface areas and the pore volumes decreased and the average pore diameters increased. SO42-/ZrO2-SiO2(Et)-IL-i were very efficient in the transesterification of soybean oil with methanol and gave an approximate 99% biodiesel yield when the reaction was carried out at 150 degrees C with a 5 wt% catalyst amount at 18: 1 methanol/oil molar ratio for 3.0 h. And they not only own the abilities of water and acid resistance, but also maintain satisfactory catalytic activity after five runs.
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