Journal
FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 240, Issue -, Pages 490-495Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.07.132
Keywords
Betaine monohydrate; Deacidification of palm oil; Natural deep eutectic solvents; Natural antioxidants; Selective solvent
Funding
- Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD) [138/PL.220/I.1/3/2014.k]
- International Publication Grants Indexed for Student Final Project - Universitas Indonesia
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In the palm oil industry, the deacidification process is performed by steam stripping which causes the loss of most of palm oil's natural antioxidants due to high temperature. The liquid-liquid extraction process which is carried out at low temperature is preferable in order to preserve these compounds. The use of hydrated ethanol can reduce the losses of antioxidants, but the ability of this solvent to extract free fatty acids also decreases. Betaine monohydrate-based natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) have extensive potential for this process. The selectivity of these NADES was determined to select a preferable solvent. The betaine monohydrate-glycerol NADES in a molar ratio of 1: 8 was determined to be the preferred solvent with the highest selectivity. This solvent has an efficiency of palmitic acid extraction of 34.14%, and the amount of antioxidants can be preserved in the refined palm oil up to 99%. The compounds are stable during extraction.
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