Development of immunoassays for multi-residue detection of small molecule compounds

The small molecule compounds like pesticide, veterinary drug, biotoxin, and heavy metal are widely found in animals, plants, soil, etc. Excessive compounds residues will have a bad influence on human health and the environment. Thus, it is extremely urgent that can detect the small molecules simultaneously. At present, many researches of simultaneous detection for small molecules using the method of an immunoassays have been reported thanks to its advantages of fast speed, simple operation, and high specificity. The small molecules have only one antigenic determinant, so the competitive immunoassay is the main method for small molecule compounds detection. In this paper, our main job is to describe the development of immunoassay for multi-residue detection of small molecule compounds and introduce three ways to complete the analysis of multi-residue immunoassay of small molecule compounds. We also summarize deficiencies and make an expectation of the immunoassays.