Journal
FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT
Volume 35, Issue 5, Pages 985-995Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2017.1419580
Keywords
Patulin; fruit juice; in vitro digestion; bioaccessibility; risk assessment
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This paper reports the first study of patulin occurrence in fruit juices and risk assessment related to patulin intake by children, adolescents and adults in Serbia. During 3 consecutive years (2013-2015), 142 fruit (apple or multi-fruit) juices were collected from the market and analysed using HPLC-UV. Patulin was found in 51.4% of juices with 0.7% of the samples in excess of the legal limit of 50 mu g kg(-1) (mean 4.3 mu g kg(-1)). Apple juices showed significantly higher percentage of contaminated samples (74.0% vs 27.5%), as well as highermean patulin content (6.4 vs 2.1 mu g kg(-1)) whencomparedwith the multi-fruit ones. Bioaccessibility of patulin in fruit juices was studied using the standardised in vitro digestion method. A mean of 21.6% of the initial patulin amount reached the end of the intestinal phase showing a significant reduction of this toxin during the human digestion process. Risk assessment of patulin intake by Serbian children, adolescents and adults, conducted by deterministic and probabilistic approaches and including the bioaccessibility results, revealed no health concern. Although patulin alone does not represent risk, further research should consider its co-occurrence with other toxic substances in food and potential adverse effects of their mixtures.
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