Journal
FISHERIES SCIENCE
Volume 84, Issue 5, Pages 799-813Publisher
SPRINGER JAPAN KK
DOI: 10.1007/s12562-018-1220-7
Keywords
Biwa salmon; Homing; Otolith geochemistry
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Funding
- Ministry of Education, Science, Culture and Sports, Japan [21380122, 24380105, 15H04543]
- Collaborative Research Project of the Lake Biwa Museum fund [Kyo 11 - 05]
- CREST program of the Japan Science and Technology Agency
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [21380122, 15H04543] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Biwa salmon Oncorhynchus sp. is endemic to Lake Biwa, Japan, where it is an important commercial and recreational fisheries species. However, no information is currently available on its population structure and migration ecology. Therefore, here we evaluated whether otolith Sr/Ca, Ba/Ca and Sr-87/Sr-86 ratios can be used as natural signatures in Biwa salmon and then used these to determine the natal origins of lake-migration-phase individuals and spawning adults, and the homing ability of spawning adults in the Lake Biwa water system. Quadratic discriminant function analysis demonstrated that the lake-migration school comprised individuals with multiple origins, including rivers to the east, west and north of Lake Biwa, and that the homing rate of spawning adults was low (18 out of 80 individuals), with ca. 78% of fish straying into non-natal rivers. However, this straying behaviour was not spatially random, with fish tending to migrate upstream in rivers neighbouring their natal rivers. The high rate of straying in spawning adults is considered important for establishing and maintaining this species, which is highly adapted to life in the Lake Biwa water system where environmental disturbances often occur.
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