Journal
EXPERT REVIEW OF CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 14, Issue 4, Pages 307-314Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/1744666X.2018.1450140
Keywords
Anaphylaxis; epinephrine; glucagon; hypotension; methylene blue; shock
Categories
Ask authors/readers for more resources
Introduction: Patients experiencing anaphylaxis who do not recover after treatment with intramuscular adrenaline are regarded as suffering from refractory anaphylaxis. The incidence of refractory anaphylaxis is estimated to range between 3-5% of anaphylaxis cases. The risk factors for refractory anaphylaxis are unknown.Areas covered: In the present analysis, we aimed to evaluate the management and risk factors of refractory anaphylaxis to highlight possible clinical implications for updating current management algorithms.Expert commentary: According to international guidelines, adrenaline given through the intramuscular (i.m.) route is a rapid and safe treatment but may be insufficient. Therefore, defined standardized treatment protocols for such cases of refractory anaphylaxis are needed to optimize the treatment. Point-of-care diagnostics may enable doctors to identify patients experiencing severe, refractory anaphylaxis early in order to initiate intensified critical care treatment.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available