Journal
MIDDLE EAST AFRICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
Volume 22, Issue 3, Pages 265-270Publisher
WOLTERS KLUWER MEDKNOW PUBLICATIONS
DOI: 10.4103/0974-9233.159691
Keywords
Angle kappa; angle lambda; frontal plane position; minimum deviation position; Prentice position; Prentice's rule; prism diopters
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Potential errors and complications during examination and treatment of strabismic patients can be reduced by recognition of certain optical issues. This articles reviews basic as well as guiding principles of prism optics and optics of the eye to equip the reader with the necessary know-how to avoid pitfalls that are commonly encountered when using prisms to measure ocular deviations (e.g., during cover testing), and when observing the corneal light reflex to estimate ocular deviations (e.g., during Hirschberg or Krimsky testing in patients who do not allow for cover testing using prisms).
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