Journal
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
Volume 807, Issue 2, Pages -Publisher
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/807/2/150
Keywords
galaxies: active; galaxies: individual (M87); galaxies: jets; radio continuum: galaxies; techniques: high angular resolution; techniques: interferometric
Categories
Funding
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
- Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- DGAPA
- UNAM
- CONACyT (Mexico)
- National Science Foundation (NSF)
- Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [GMBF-3561]
- NSF University Radio Observatories (URO) program [AST 1140030]
- Smithsonian Institution
- Academia Sinica
- NSF
- CARMA partner universities
- MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI [24540242, 25120007, 25120008]
- Government of Canada through Industry Canada
- Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Research and Innovation
- Division Of Astronomical Sciences
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1140031, 1140019, 1139998, 1337663, 1139950, 1140063] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Astronomical Sciences
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1310896, 1140030] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [26800109, 13J03094] Funding Source: KAKEN
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We report on 230 GHz (1.3 mm) very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations of M87 with the Event Horizon Telescope using antennas on Mauna Kea in Hawaii, Mt. Graham in Arizona, and Cedar Flat in California. For the first time, we have acquired 230 GHz VLBI interferometric phase information on M87 through measurement of the closure phase on the triangle of long baselines. Most of the measured closure phases are consistent with 0 degrees as expected by physically motivated models for 230 GHz structure such as jet models and accretion disk models. The brightness temperature of the event-horizon-scale structure is similar to 1 x 10(10) K derived from the compact flux density of similar to 1 Jy and the angular size of similar to 40 mu as similar to 5.5 R-s, which is broadly consistent with the peak brightness of the radio cores at 1-86 GHz located within similar to 10(2) R-s. Our observations occurred in the middle of an enhancement in very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray flux, presumably originating in the vicinity of the central black hole. Our measurements, combined with results of multi-wavelength observations, favor a scenario in which the VHE region has an extended size of similar to 20-60 R-s.
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