Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
Volume 237, Issue -, Pages 650-661Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.02.070
Keywords
Heavy metals; Spatial variability; Pb isotope ratio; Positive matrix factorization (PMF); Input fluxes
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41101491]
- National Science technology Support Plan Projects [2015BAD05B04]
- Key Science and Technology Demonstration Project of Jiangsu Province [BE2016812]
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences [ISSASIP1629]
- China Scholarship Council (CSC) [201604910075]
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Intensive human activities, in particular agricultural and industrial production have led to heavy metal accumulation in the peri-urban agricultural soils of China threatening soil environmental quality and agricultural product security. A combination of spatial analysis (SA), Pb isotope ratio analysis (IRA), input fluxes analysis (IFA), and positive matrix factorization (PMF) model was successfully used to assess the status and sources of heavy metals in typical peri-urban agricultural soils from a rapidly developing region of China. Mean concentrations of Cd, As, Hg, Pb, Cu, Zn and Cr in surface soils (0-20 cm) were 0.31, 11.2, 0.08, 35.6, 44.8, 119.0 and 97.0 mg kg(-1), respectively, exceeding the local background levels except for Hg. Spatial distribution of heavy metals revealed that agricultural activities have significant influence on heavy metal accumulation in the surface soils. Isotope ratio analysis suggested that fertilization along with atmospheric deposition were the major sources of heavy metal accumulation in the soils. Based on the PMF model, the relative contribution rates of the heavy metals due to fertilizer application, atmospheric deposition, industrial emission, and soil parent materials were 30.8%, 33.0%, 25.4% and 10.8%, respectively, demonstrating that anthropogenic activities had significantly higher contribution than natural sources. This study provides a reliable and robust approach for heavy metals source apportionment in this particular peri-urban area with a clear potential for future application in other regions. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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