Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
Volume 242, Issue -, Pages 12-18Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.06.056
Keywords
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals; Metal; Glucocorticoid receptor; Mineralocorticoid receptor; Steroid hormone receptors
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Funding
- Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China [LR15B070001]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21320102007, 21621005]
- Zhejiang Provincial Science and Technology Program [2017F30003]
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As a result of human activities, the pollution of metals is becoming ubiquitous in the environment. Among various toxicological mechanisms of action, metals have been considered as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) through interference with steroid receptors. However, information regarding the potential endocrine disruption of metals on glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralo-corticoid receptor (MR) is especially scarce. In this study, a total of 16 metals were assessed for their GR/MR activities using luciferase reporter gene assay. None of the tested metals exhibited GR or MR agonistic activity, but a total of 7 and 5 candidate metals showed obvious GR and MR antagonistic properties, respectively. All 7 GR antagonistic metals [ BaCl2, CoCl2, CuCl2, Pb(NO3)(2), LiCl, SnCl2 and ZnCl2 inhibited glucocorticoid-responsive gene GILZ expression in J774A.1 cells. Further investigations indicated that the 5 MR antagonistic metals [ CdCl2, Pb(NO3)(2), LiCl, MnCl2 and SnCl2] antagonized aldosterone-inhibited hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation. Among these metals, Pb(NO3)(2), LiCl, and SnCl2 showed both anti-glucocorticoid and anti-mineralocorticoid activities. Comprehensive screening and evaluation of GR and MR antagonists and agonists among metals should be considered to better understand the ecological and health risks of metals. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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