Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
Volume 242, Issue -, Pages 1988-1997Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.044
Keywords
Cellulose nanofibers; Sulphur ligand; Adsorption; Lead; Cadmium; Modelling
Categories
Funding
- Maj and Tor Nessling foundation (Maj ja Tor Nesslingin Saatio) [201700276]
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Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) tethered with sulphur as anionic ligand were synthesized from medical absorbent cotton by dissolution with NaOH, CO(NH2)(2) followed by mechanical intrusion of sulphur from SC(NH2)(2) at an elevated temperature. The solid-phase CNFs embedded with sulphur complexes possessed negative sites which were used to remove cationic metals viz., Pb(II) and Cd(II) from synthetic and industrial wastewater. The physicochemical properties of the CNFs were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), pH at point of zero charge (pH(pzc)) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Batch adsorption studies were conducted with synthetic wastewater to optimize the conditions for Pb(II) and Cd(II) removal by CNFs. Different adsorption kinetic models were applied to assess and define the adsorption mechanism. The maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity was found to be 1.16 and 0.82 mmol g(-1) for Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions, respectively. Regeneration studies showed that the CNFs can be reused using 0.1 M NaOH as eluent. The percentage removal efficiency of different cationic metals by CNFs from untreated industrial wastewater ranged from ca. 90-98%. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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