Journal
ENERGY
Volume 147, Issue -, Pages 197-207Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2018.01.012
Keywords
Energy efficiency; CO2 emissions efficiency; Distributive efficiency; Energy extravagance; Network DEA
Categories
Funding
- National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars [71625003]
- Yangtze River scholar, National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFA0602504]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [91746208, 71573016, 71403021, 71521002]
- Humanities and Social science Fund of Ministry of Education of China [17YJC630145]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2017M620648]
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This study extends the analysis of energy and CO2 emissions efficiency of economies from the black box to a network structure analysis realizing the fact that each economy is a network of two divisions responsible for production and distribution of economic outputs. Hence, its economic and distributive efficiencies must be taken into account while analyzing the energy and CO2 emissions efficiency. In order to analyze energy and CO2 emissions efficiency of economies in terms of economic and distributive efficiencies simultaneously, we have innovatively applied network DEA model free link case under free disposability assumption for all undesirable outputs in both divisions of economies. The results are tantalizing as we have found that in aggregate 85% of energy consumption and 89% of CO2 emissions were just because of economic and distributive inefficiencies. Although none of the economies was overall efficient but a few were efficient in one of the two divisions. China was the largest user of excess energy because of economic inefficiency and the USA was the largest user of excess energy because of distributive inefficiency. We have suggested that inefficient economies not only need rightly directed taxation laws, incentives, and penalties but also need reforms in economic structures. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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