Journal
ENERGY
Volume 155, Issue -, Pages 281-296Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.024
Keywords
Geologic CO2 storage; Saline aquifers; Salt precipitation; Geochemical reactions; CO2 injectivity
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51674282]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [17CX06006, 18CX05009A]
- graduate innovation funding project from China University of Petroleum (East China) [YCX2017022]
- Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research [IRT 1294, 1086/14R58]
- National Oil and Gas Major Projects [2016ZX05056004-003]
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Complex fluid-rock interactions can occur during the injection of carbon dioxide (CO2) into saline aquifers for sequestration, which may affect CO2 injectivity and storage capacity. In this paper, a comprehensive reactive transport model is established to analyze salt precipitation, CO2-water-rock geochemical reactions, and their effects on reservoir physical properties and injectivity. In addition, sensitivity analyses are conducted to investigate the main factors that affect fluid-rock interactions and injectivity with relevance for site selection for CO2 storage. Results show that the back flow of formation water not only affects the salt precipitation but also affects the CO2-water-rock geochemical reactions, resulting in salt and calcite precipitations mainly occurring in the dry-out zone. However, most of the mineral dissolution/precipitation caused by CO2-water-rock reaction occurs in the two-phase and aqueous-phase zones, and their effect on reservoir porosity and permeability are small. A considerable amount of sodium chloride precipitates in the dry-out zone as brine is drawn by capillary action into this zone, with significant consequences for porosity, permeability and injectivity. The injection rate, salinity, capillary pressure saturation relationships, and reservoir permeability strongly affect the distribution of salt precipitation. Moderate injection rates, salinities, capillary pressures, and permeabilities all lead to favorable CO2 injectivity. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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