Journal
FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE-LANDMARK
Volume 20, Issue -, Pages 989-1003Publisher
IMR PRESS
DOI: 10.2741/4352
Keywords
Arginine; DNA synthesis; Cell Cycle; Mitochondrial Function; Intestine
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31330075, 31372326, 31301989, 31272450]
- National Key Basic Research Program of China [2013CB127301, 2012CB126305]
- Texas AAMP
- M AgriLife Research [H-8200]
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The neonatal small intestine is susceptible to damage by endotoxin, and this cytotoxicity may involve intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. L-Arginine (Arg) confers a cytoprotective effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated enterocytes through activation of the mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. Arg improves DNA synthesis and mitochondrial bioenergetics, which may also be responsible for beneficial effects of Arg on intestinal mucosal cells. In support of this notion, results of recent studies indicate that elevated Arg concentrations enhances DNA synthesis, cell-cycle progression, and mitochondrial bioenergetics in LPS-treated intestinal epithelial cells through mechanisms involving activation of the PI3K-Akt pathway. These findings provide a biochemical basis for dietary Arg supplementation to improve the regeneration and repair of the small-intestinal mucosa in both animals and humans.
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