Journal
REGENERATIVE BIOMATERIALS
Volume 2, Issue 3, Pages 187-195Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbv010
Keywords
calcium carbonate; biomineralization; self-assembled monolayer; prenucleation clusters; ions adsorption
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Funding
- Natural Science Foundation of China [21371106, 21161003]
- Twelfth Five-Year' National Technology Support Program [2012BAI17B02]
- Guangxi Natural Science Foundation of China [2012GXNSFDA053007, 2011GXNSFA018044]
- New Century National Hundred Project of Guangxi
- New Century National Thousand Project of Guangxi
- New Century National Ten Thousand Talent Project of Guangxi
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources [CMEMR2012-A12]
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Four self-assembled monolayer surfaces terminated with -COOH, -OH, -NH2 and -CH3 functional groups are used to direct the biomineralization processes of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in low Ca (2+) concentration, and the mechanism of nucleation and initial crystallization within 12 h was further explored. On -COOH surface, nucleation occurs mainly via ion aggregation mechanism while prenucleation ions clusters may be also involved. On -OH and -NH2 surfaces, however, nucleation forms via calcium carbonate clusters, which aggregate in solution and then are adsorbed onto surfaces following with nucleation of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC). Furthermore, strongly negative-charged -COOH surface facilitates the direct formation of calcites, and the -OH and -NH2 surfaces determine the formation of vaterites with preferred crystalline orientations. Neither ACC nor crystalline CaCO3 is observed on -CH3 surface. Our findings present a valuable model to understand the CaCO3 biomineralization pathway in natural system where functional groups composition plays a determining role during calcium carbonate crystallization.
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