Journal
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
Volume 259, Issue -, Pages 427-439Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.10.121
Keywords
Sulfonated poly(ether sulfone); Sulfonated poly(thioether ether sulfone); VRFB; Polymer electrolyte membrane
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Funding
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Grant - Korean government (MSIP: Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning) [NRF-2015M1A2A2056722]
- New & Renewable Energy Core Technology Program of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) from the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy, Republic of Korea [20153030031670]
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A series of sulfonated poly(ether sulfone) copolymers (SPES-Xs) with varying degrees of sulfonation were prepared and investigated as ion-exchange membranes for vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) applications. Sulfonated poly(thioether ether sulfone) copolymers (SPTES-Xs) were initially synthesized via polycondensation, and the SPES-Xs were then obtained by oxidation of the corresponding SPTES-Xs. The SPES-X membranes showed reduced vanadium-ion permeability, low area resistance, and, thereby, much superior selectivity compared with the parent SPTES-X membranes and a Nafion115 membrane. In single-cell VRFB performance tests, a SPES-50 membrane with an ion-exchange capacity of 1.80 meq/g exhibited a higher coulombic efficiency (> 99%) and energy efficiency (76-89%) than the Nafion115 membrane over a wide range of current densities from 40 to 100 mA/cm(2) and a significantly larger capacity retention (> 62%) during 200 charge-discharge cycles. The SPES-X materials, in which every benzene ring is deactivated by the presence of electron-withdrawing sulfone linkages, showed much better chemical stability during ex situ and in situ tests than the SPTES-X materials, which contain an electron-donating thioether linkage in their repeat unit. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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