4.3 Article

Protective effect of sesamol against 60Co γ-ray-induced hematopoietic and gastrointestinal injury in C57BL/6 male mice

Journal

FREE RADICAL RESEARCH
Volume 49, Issue 11, Pages 1344-1361

Publisher

TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2015.1071485

Keywords

sesamol; gamma-radiation; hematopoietic progenitor stem cell; bone marrow cells; spleen; gastro-intestine; p53; PCNA; B cells; CD4/CD8; apoptosis

Funding

  1. Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO) at the Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS) [NBC 1.29]

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Protection of gamma-ray-induced injury in hematopoietic and gastrointestinal (GI) systems is the rationale behind developing radioprotectors. The objective of this study, therefore, was to investigate the radioprotective efficacy and mechanisms underlying sesamol in amelioration of gamma-ray-induced hematopoietic and GI injury in mice. C57BL/6 male mice were pre-treated with a single dose (100 or 50 mg/kg, 30 min prior) of sesamol through the intraperitoneal route and exposed to LD50/30 (7.5 Gy) and sublethal (5 Gy) dose of gamma-radiation. Thirty-day survival against 7.5 Gy was monitored. Sesamol (100 mg/kg) pre-treatment reduced radiation-induced mortality and resulted survival of about 100% against 7.5 Gy of gamma-irradiation. Whole-body irradiation drastically depleted hematopoietic progenitor stem cells in bone marrow, B cells, T cell subpopulations, and splenocyte proliferation in the spleen on day 4, which were significantly protected in sesamol pre-treated mice. This was associated with a decrease of radiation-induced micronuclei (MN) and apoptosis in bone marrow and spleen, respectively. Sesamol pre-treatment inhibited lipid peroxidation, translocation of gut bacteria to spleen, liver, and kidney, and enhanced regeneration of crypt cells in the GI system. In addition, sesamol pre-treatment reduced the radiation-induced pattern of expression of p53 and Bax apoptotic proteins in the bone marrow, spleen, and GI. This reduction in apoptotic proteins was associated with the increased anti-apoptotic-Bcl-x and PCNA proteins. Further, assessment of antioxidant capacity using ABTS and DPPH assays revealed that sesamol treatment alleviated total antioxidant capacity in spleen and GI tissue. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that sesamol as a single prophylactic dose protects hematopoietic and GI systems against gamma-radiation-induced injury in mice.

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