Journal
ECOLOGY LETTERS
Volume 21, Issue 7, Pages 1108-1118Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/ele.13078
Keywords
Climate change; elevated CO2; greenhouse gas; meta-analysis; plant C pool; soil C and N cycle
Categories
Funding
- Natural Science Foundation of China [41771268, 41225003, 41771323]
- National Basic Research Program of China [2015CB150502]
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFD0201200]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [KYTZ201404, KYZ201621]
- Direct For Biological Sciences [1242531] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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The net balance of greenhouse gas (GHG) exchanges between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere under elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) remains poorly understood. Here, we synthesise 1655 measurements from 169 published studies to assess GHGs budget of terrestrial ecosystems under elevated CO2. We show that elevated CO2 significantly stimulates plant C pool (NPP) by 20%, soil CO2 fluxes by 24%, and methane (CH4) fluxes by 34% from rice paddies and by 12% from natural wetlands, while it slightly decreases CH4 uptake of upland soils by 3.8%. Elevated CO2 causes insignificant increases in soil nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes (4.6%), soil organic C (4.3%) and N (3.6%) pools. The elevated CO2-induced increase in GHG emissions may decline with CO2 enrichment levels. An elevated CO2-induced rise in soil CH4 and N2O emissions (2.76 Pg CO2-equivalent year(-1)) could negate soil C enrichment (2.42 Pg CO2 year(-1)) or reduce mitigation potential of terrestrial net ecosystem production by as much as 69% (NEP, 3.99 Pg CO2 year(-1)) under elevated CO2. Our analysis highlights that the capacity of terrestrial ecosystems to act as a sink to slow climate warming under elevated CO2 might have been largely offset by its induced increases in soil GHGs source strength.
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