Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
Volume 181, Issue 11, Pages 861-873Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwu443
Keywords
blood pressure; glucose metabolism; hypertension; late preterm; obesity; prematurity
Categories
Funding
- Academy of Finland [132700, 128929, 129369, 129907, 135072, 129255, 126775, 127437, 129306, 130326, 134791, 263924, 175617, 173454, 24300269, 24300217]
- Doctoral Programs in Public Health (DPPH)
- Emil Aaltonen Foundation
- Finnish Foundation for Pediatric Research
- Finnish Special Governmental Subsidary for Health Sciences (evo)
- Jalmari and Rauha Ahokas Foundation
- Juho Vainio Foundation
- Medical Society of Finland (Duodecim)
- Medical Society of Finland (Finska Lakaresallskapet)
- National Graduate School of Clinical Investigation
- Novo Nordisk Foundation
- Signe and Ane Gyllenberg Foundation
- Sigrid Juselius Foundation
- Yrjo Jahnsson Foundation
- EU [FP7- ENV-2008-1-226534]
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health [1-R01-HL087679-01, RFP-RM-06-008]
- NorFA [50847]
- Thule Institute [50925]
- Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland [24301140]
- University of Oulu, Finland [24000692, 24500283]
- Novo Nordisk Fonden [NNF12OC1016374] Funding Source: researchfish
- Academy of Finland (AKA) [132700, 128929, 132700, 128929] Funding Source: Academy of Finland (AKA)
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Adults who were born preterm with a very low birth weight have higher blood pressure and impaired glucose regulation later in life compared with those born at term. We investigated cardiometabolic risk factors in young adults who were born at any degree of prematurity in the Preterm Birth and Early Life Programming of Adult Health and Disease (ESTER) Study, a population-based cohort study of individuals born in 1985-1989 in Northern Finland. In 2009-2011, 3 groups underwent clinical examination: 134 participants born at less than 34 gestational weeks (early preterm), 242 born at 34-36 weeks (late preterm), and 344 born at 37 weeks or later (controls). Compared with controls, adults who were born preterm had higher body fat percentages (after adjustment for sex, age, and cohort (1985-1986 or 1987-1989), for those born early preterm, difference = 6.2%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.4, 13.2; for those born late preterm, difference = 8.0%, 95% CI: 2.4, 13.8), waist circumferences, blood pressure (for those born early preterm, difference = 3.0 mmHg, 95% CI: 0.9, 5.1; for those born late preterm, difference = 1.7, 95% CI:-0.1, 3.4), plasma uric acid levels (for those born early preterm, difference = 20.1%, 95% CI: 7.9, 32.3; for those born late preterm, difference = 20.2%, 95% CI: 10.7, 30.5), alanine aminotransferase levels, and aspartate transaminase levels. They were also more likely to have metabolic syndrome (for those born early preterm, odds ratio = 3.7, 95% CI: 1.6, 8.2; for those born late preterm, odds ratio = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.2, 5.3). Elevated levels of conventional and emerging risk factors suggest a higher risk of cardiometabolic disease later in life. These risk factors are also present in the large group of adults born late preterm.
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