Journal
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
Volume 440, Issue 1, Pages 31-39Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.04.028
Keywords
Germline stem cells; Adipocytes; Insulin signaling; GSK-3 beta; Oogenesis; Drosophila
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [R01 GM 069875, T32 CA 009110, F32 GM 106718]
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Tissue-specific stem cells are tied to the nutritional and physiological environment of adult organisms. Adipocytes have key endocrine and nutrient-sensing roles and have emerged as major players in relaying dietary information to regulate other organs. For example, previous studies in Drosophila melanogaster revealed that amino acid sensing as well as diet-dependent metabolic pathways function in adipocytes to influence the maintenance of female germline stem cells (GSCs). How nutrient-sensing pathways acting within adipocytes influence adult stem cell lineages, however, is just beginning to be elucidated. Here, we report that insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling in adipocytes promotes GSC maintenance, early germline cyst survival, and vitellogenesis. Further, adipocytes use distinct mechanisms downstream of insulin receptor activation to control these aspects of oogenesis, all of which are independent of FOXO. We find that GSC maintenance is modulated by Akt1 through GSK-3 beta, early germline cyst survival is downstream of adipocyte Akt1 but independent of GSK-3 beta, and vitellogenesis is regulated through an Akt1-independent pathway in adipocytes. These results indicate that, in addition to employing different types of nutrient sensing, adipocytes can use distinct axes of a single nutrient-sensing pathway to regulate multiple stages of the GSC lineage in the ovary.
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