Journal
DESALINATION
Volume 443, Issue -, Pages 228-236Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2018.06.003
Keywords
Superhydrophobic; Membrane distillation; PVDF; Nanocasting; Desalination
Categories
Funding
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2017ZY34, 2016ZCQ03]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51778054, 51578067, 51608038]
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The further advance of membrane distillation (MD) is hampered due to inadequate membrane durability challenged by wetting-induced performance deterioration. The current study presents a novel approach to fabrication of superhydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes via construction of hierarchical textures on membrane surfaces based on a nanocasting strategy. Two types of PVDF membranes with different surface textures were prepared, separately using a stainless-steel mesh (SSM) or its negative polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) template as a fabrication substrate. The obtained membranes were systematically characterized in terms of membrane morphology, wetting behavior, MD performance, and antifouling performance. Consequently, the PDMS-based membrane obtained a plaited surface texture, resulting in a high static contact angle of similar to 153 degrees and a high sliding angle of > 90 degrees. The resultant parahydrophobic membrane surface resembled a petal surface. The SSM-based membrane obtained a wave-like pattern, resulting in a high static contact angle of similar to 164 degrees and a low sliding angle of similar to 6.8 degrees. The resultant superhydrophobic membrane surface resembled a lotus leave surface. Moreover, both membranes achieved higher water flux and enhanced antifouling performance with no significant compromise in salt rejection. Particularly, the SSM-based membrane achieved the highest flux and best antifouling performance, suggesting promising applications in various fields.
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