Journal
PERSPECTIVES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
Volume 10, Issue 5, Pages 591-598Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
DOI: 10.1177/1745691615589103
Keywords
action; performance; development: infant; neuroscience; social cognition
Categories
Funding
- European Research Council [CACTUS 312292]
- Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation [KAW 2012.0120]
- Swedish Research Council
- Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research (FAS)
- Formas
- VINNOVA [259 - 2012-24]
- Sallskapet Barnavard
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An important element in social interactions is predicting the goals of others, including the goals of others' manual actions. Over a decade ago, Flanagan and Johansson demonstrated that, when observing other people reaching for objects, the observer's gaze arrives at the goal before the action is completed. Moreover, those authors proposed that this behavior was mediated by an embodied process, which takes advantage of the observer's motor knowledge. Here, we scrutinize work that has followed that seminal article. We include studies on adults that have used combined eye tracking and transcranial magnetic stimulation technologies to test causal hypotheses about underlying brain circuits. We also include developmental studies on human infants. We conclude that, although several aspects of the embodied process of predictive eye movements remain to be clarified, current evidence strongly suggests that the motor system plays a causal role in guiding predictive gaze shifts that focus on another person's future goal. The early emergence of the predictive gaze in infant development underlines its importance for social cognition and interaction.
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