Characterization of Various Centers in Synthetic Type Ib Diamond under HPHT Annealing

In this study, type Ib diamond annealing experiments were successfully performed under a pressure of 2.5 GPa and a high temperature range between 1680 and 2060 degrees C. The color of the diamond changed from yellow to light yellow, and the nitrogen (N) state changed from the isolate C-center to the aggregated A-center as the annealing temperature increased. The NV0 center was detected when the annealing temperature was under 1840 degrees C, and not detected when the temperature reached 1920 degrees C. The NV- center was more stable than the NV0 center at an annealing temperature of 1920 degrees C. When the annealing temperature reached 1990 degrees C, the NE8 center appeared in the diamond lattice. When the annealing pressure changed from 2.5 to 5 GPa, high pressure would restrict the formation of A-center N but hardly affected the formation of NV- center in the diamond lattice. This was the first known report on the successful preparation of the type IaA diamond under a lower pressure of 2.5 GPa. Our experiment results could be helpful for further understanding the formation of various centers in the diamond lattice and provided data for distinguishing the annealed synthesized diamond from the natural diamond in the jewelry market.