Journal
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
Volume 59, Issue 13, Pages 2052-2060Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1437024
Keywords
Vegetarianism in children; veganism in children; growth; cognitive development; phytoestrogens in pregnancy; birth ratio
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According to the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics' influential position statement on vegetarianism, meat and seafood can be replaced with milk, soy/legumes, and eggs without any negative effects in children. The United States Department of Agriculture endorses a similar view. The present paper argues that the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics ignores or gives short shrift to direct and indirect evidence that vegetarianism may be associated with serious risks for brain and body development in fetuses and children. Regular supplementation with iron, zinc, and B-12 will not mitigate all of these risks. Consequently, we cannot say decisively that vegetarianism or veganism is safe for children.
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