Journal
CANCER MICROENVIRONMENT
Volume 8, Issue 3, Pages 187-200Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s12307-015-0177-7
Keywords
IL-1; IBD; CRC; Carcinogenesis; Inflammation; Tumor invasiveness
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Funding
- Israel Ministry of Science (MOS)
- Deutsches Krebsforschungscentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Israel Science Foundation - Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities
- Israel Cancer Association
- Israel Ministry of Health Chief Scientist's Office
- FP7: Cancer and Inflammation (INFLA-CARE)
- Binational (Israel-USA) Science Foundation (BSF)
- German-Israeli Foundation (GIF)
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Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a major Balarm<^> upstreamproinflammatory cytokine that mainly acts by inducing cascades of cytokine and inflammation-promoting mediators. In the tumor arena, IL-1 is produced by both malignant and microenvironmental cells. IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta are the major agonists of IL-1, while IL-1R alpha is a physiological inhibitor of pre-formed IL-1. IL1 alpha and IL-1 beta differ in their compartmentalization and in the producing cells. IL-1 beta is only active in its inflammasome dependent processed and secreted form and has been considered as themajor mediator of inflammation. On the other hand, IL-1 alpha is mainly cell-associated in tissue resident cells, being also active in its precursor form. The role of the IL-1 molecules in the unique microenvironment in the colon is largely unknown. Here, we described the role of IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta in colon homeostasis, colon inflammation, colon carcinogenesis and invasiveness of colorectal cancer. Understanding of the integrative role of IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta in these processes will facilitate the application of novel IL-1 modulating approaches.
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