Journal
GENOME BIOLOGY
Volume 16, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
DOI: 10.1186/s13059-015-0838-3
Keywords
DNA methylation; Triticum aestivum; Polyploidy
Funding
- BBSRC [BB/N005104/1, BB/H022333/1, BB/J007994/1, BB/L011786/1]
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/N005104/1, BB/L011786/1, BB/H022333/1, 986645, BB/G013004/1, BB/J007994/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- BBSRC [BB/L011786/1, BB/N005104/1, BB/J007994/1, BB/G013004/1, BB/H022333/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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Background: DNA methylation is an important mechanism of epigenetic gene expression control that can be passed between generations. Here, we use sodium bisulfite treatment and targeted gene enrichment to study genome-wide methylation across the three sub-genomes of allohexaploid wheat. Results: While the majority of methylation is conserved across all three genomes we demonstrate that differential methylation exists between the sub-genomes in approximately equal proportions. We correlate sub-genome-specific promoter methylation with decreased expression levels and show that altered growing temperature has a small effect on methylation state, identifying a small but functionally relevant set of methylated genes. Finally, we demonstrate long-term methylation maintenance using a comparison between the D sub-genome of hexaploid wheat and its progenitor Aegilops tauschii. Conclusions: We show that tri-genome methylation is highly conserved with the diploid wheat progenitor while sub-genome-specific methylation shows more variation.
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