Heterogeneity of Second-Line Treatment for Patients With Multiple Myeloma in the Connect MM Registry (2010-2016)

Connect MM is a large prospective observational US-based disease registry that was used to evaluate second-line treatment patterns in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma during a 5-year period, from 2010 to 2016. Treatment uptake was found to coincide with clinical milestones (ie, regulatory approvals, clinical study results), with growing preference for newer agents and triplet combinations over time. Background: The treatment landscape for multiple myeloma (MM) has undergone recent changes with the regulatory approval of several new therapies indicated for second- and later-line disease. Using data from Connect MM, the largest multisite, primarily community-based, prospective, observational registry of MM patients in the United States, selection of second-line treatments was evaluated during a 5-year period from 2010 to 2016. Patients and Methods: Eligible patients were aged >= 18 years, had newly diagnosed MM <= 2 months before study entry, and were followed for up to 8 years. Patients who received >= 2 lines of therapy were analyzed. Tepee plots of stacked area graphs differentiated treatments by color to allow visualization of second-line treatment trends in MM patients. Results: As of February 2017, 855 of 2897 treated patients had progressed to second-line treatment. Treatment selection was heterogeneous; shifting patterns of treatment choices coincided with the approval status of newer agents. The most common treatment regimens in the early part of the decade were lenalidomide and/or bortezomib, with or without dexamethasone, with increasing use of newer agents (carfilzomib, pomalidomide, daratumumab, and elotuzumab) and triplet combinations over time. The influence of the baseline patient characteristics of age, history of diabetes, peripheral neuropathy, and renal function on treatment choice was also examined. Conclusion: These findings indicate that community physicians are current in their MM management practices, with uptake of new drugs and acquaintance with results of randomized clinical trials using combinations almost concurrent with their regulatory approval and publication. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.