Journal
CHEMOSPHERE
Volume 204, Issue -, Pages 28-35Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.04.030
Keywords
PFOS; PFOA; Heavy metals; Risk ranking; Urbanizing Bohai Rim
Categories
Funding
- National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFC0505704]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41420104004, 71761147001]
- Chinese Academy of Sciences [KFZD-SW-322]
- key technology R&D program of Tianjin [16YFXTSF00380]
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Xiaoqing River, located in the Laizhou Bay of Bohai Sea, is heavily polluted by various pollutants including heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs), bisphenol A (BPA) and pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs). The aim of this study is to identify the relative risks of such contaminants that currently affect the coastal ecosystem. The median and highest concentrations of PFAAs and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) were 3.23 mu g L-1 and 325.28 mu g L-1, and 0.173 mu g L-1, and 276.24 mu g L-1, respectively, which were ranked higher when compared with global level concentrations. To assess the relative risk levels of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), PFOA, and other contaminants in the upstream and downstream of the Xiaoqing River and in its tributary, a risk ranking analysis was carried out. Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), and arsenic (As) showed the highest risk values in the Xiaoqing River, while the relative risks of PFOA and PFOS differed across the various segments. The risk ranking of PFOA was the second highest in the tributary and the fourth highest in the downstream portion of the river, whereas the PFOS was found to be the lowest in all the segments. Heavy metals and PFOA are the main chemicals that should be controlled in the Xiaoqing River. The results of the present study provide a better understanding of the potential ecological risks of the contaminants in Xiaoqing River. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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