Journal
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
Volume 24, Issue 40, Pages 10201-10207Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801593
Keywords
boron; boranophosphates; hypergolic; ignition delay; ionic liquids
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21702196, 11472251, 21703218]
- National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents [BX201600137]
- PRC's 1000 Plan Recruitment Program for Young Talents
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The design and synthesis of new hypergolic ionic liquids (HILs) as replacements for toxic hydrazine derivatives have been the focus of current academic research in the field of liquid bipropellant fuels. In most cases, however, the requirements of excellent ignition performances, good hydrolytic stabilities, and low synthetic costs are often contradictory, which makes the development of high-performance HILs an enormous challenge. Here, we show how a fuel-rich boranophosphate ion was rationally designed and used to synthesize a series of high-performance HILs with excellent comprehensive properties. In the design strategy, we introduced the {BH3} moiety into the boranophosphate ion for improving the self-ignition property, whereas the complexation of boron and phosphite was used to improve the hydrolytic activity of the borohydride species. As a result, these boranophosphate HILs exhibited wide liquid operating ranges (>220 degrees C), high densities (1.00-1.10gcm(-3)), good hydrolytic stabilities, and short ignition delay times (2.3-9.7milliseconds) with white fuming nitric acid (WFNA) as the oxidizer. More importantly, these boranophosphate HILs could be readily prepared in high yields from commercial phosphite esters, avoiding complex and time-consuming synthetic routes. This work offers an effective strategy of designing boranophosphate HILs towards safer and greener hypergolic fuels for liquid bipropellant applications.
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