Journal
FOOD ANALYTICAL METHODS
Volume 9, Issue 5, Pages 1262-1273Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s12161-015-0308-2
Keywords
Geographical origin; Milk; Isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS); Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS); Fatty acid profile (GC-FID); Alpine region
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Funding
- Interreg IV Italy-Austria program (ERDF
- project Originalp) [5269 CUP: B27F11001020007]
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This work aims to discriminate milk samples according to their geographical origin, heat treatment, and season of production. This was achieved by combining different techniques, such as isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS), mid- (MIRS) and near-infrared spectroscopies (NIRS), and gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Milk samples were from North Tyrol (raw milk), South Tyrol (raw milk and high-temperature short time (HTST)), both collected in different seasons. Ultra-high-temperature (UHT) milk samples were from other European regions. These techniques, when used alone, showed limited discrimination capacity. Instead, when such techniques were combined in a multi-variate classification method (PLS-DA), then, milk samples were discriminated according to their geographical origin with an error lower than 5 %. The type of processing and the season were also discriminated. The combination of different techniques compensated their inherent limits and provided a good potential for determining the geographic origin of milk.
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