Journal
CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
Volume 30, Issue 10, Pages 3508-3517Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b01304
Keywords
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Funding
- Jacob School of Engineering at UC San Diego
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-16-1-0220]
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0012118]
- National Science Foundation [ACI-1053575]
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Redox-active organic molecules have attracted much attention as alternatives to transition-metal-based electrodes for lithium-ion batteries due to their low cost and large abundance. However, the relatively low cycling stability still prevents some of the most promising molecules to be used as lithium-ion electrodes. Herein, we used 1,4,5,8-naphthalene diimide (NDI) as a model molecule to systematically investigate its intrinsic electrochemical property, including its electrolyte compatibility, maximum capacity, cycling stability, and rate capability in different organic electrolytes. Extensive physicochemical characterization, electrochemical measurement, and density function theory (DFT) calculation together show that the electrode-electrolyte interaction is the key factor determining its specific capacity and proper selection of electrolytes, NDI molecule, which was considered to be not stable for lithium storage, theoretical capacity (based on two-electron reaction), very high rate capability, and high cycling stability. This study suggests the importance of understanding the fundamental electrode-electrolyte interactions in designing high-performance organic electrodes.
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