Journal
FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT
Volume 32, Issue 6, Pages 833-840Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2015.1028482
Keywords
endogenous prednisolone; pig urine; LC-MS2; cortisol; pig adrenal glands
Funding
- Regione Lombardia
- Cariplo Ph.D. fellowship in Animal Production in the Laboratory of Inspection of Food of Animal Origin at the University of Milan
- Ph.D. fellowship in Veterinary and Animal Science in the Laboratory of Veterinary Toxicology at the University of Milan
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The debate about the origin of prednisolone in animal organisms has lasted for 5years. Bovine species have been the most studied, but studies on humans and horses are also present in the literature. Even if prednisolone in pigs does not yet represent a problem for control agencies, interest has recently increased with regard to this species. To date, there has been just a single study in the literature about this topic, performed on 10 sows treated with prednisolone or a synthetic analogue of adrenocorticotropic hormone. We therefore initiated a study on 80 pigs, a number considered representative in relation to the expected frequency (prevalence) of prednisolone detection in urine collected at slaughter. Prednisolone was detected in urine both at the farm and at the slaughterhouse, with a concentration and frequency higher at slaughter. The presence of prednisolone was also studied in the adrenal glands, where the corticosteroids are produced in response to stress, and it was detected in 89% of the samples. These results, together with the similar behaviours of prednisolone and cortisol, i.e. a mutual rise in the two corticosteroids in urine collected at the slaughterhouse and the correlation between the concentrations of the two corticosteroids in the adrenal glands, seem to indicate an endogenous origin of prednisolone in pigs.
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