TiO2@C nanosheets with highly exposed (001) facets as a high-capacity anode for Na-ion batteries

Surface engineering plays a key role in enhancing the electrochemical performance for energy storage materials. Herein, TiO2 nanosheets with highly exposed (0 0 1) facets are synthesized by a HF-induced hydrothermal process and TiO2@C composite is obtained by the following carbonation reaction of phenolic resin. As indicated, TiO2 nanosheets are averagely 50 nm wide and 4 nm thick and a homogeneous and ultrathin carbon layer (3 nm) is coated on the nanosheets. When used as an anode in Na-ion batteries, it delivers a high stable specific capacity of 264.9 mAh g(-1) after 100 cycles at 100 mA g(-1) and maintains a considerable specific capacity of 92.9 mAh g(-1) after 4000 cycles even at a high current density of 5 A g(-1). The superior sodium storage performance and ultralong cycling life of the as-prepared TiO2@C should be mainly attributed to the synergistic effect of high-energy facet designing and gorgeous carbon layer coating.