Journal
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
Volume 44, Issue 5, Pages 5184-5192Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.12.124
Keywords
Sodium-ion battery; Cathode material; P-2-Na2/3Mn1/2Fe1/4CO1/4O2; Excellent cycle stability
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Funding
- Six Talent Peaks Project of Jiangsu Province [XNY-CXTD-001]
- Project of Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)
- Changjiang Scholars Program [T2011170]
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A sol-gel method with ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid and citric acid as co-chelates is employed for the synthesis of P2-type Na2/3Mn1/2Fe1/4Co1/4O2 as cathode material for sodium-ion batteries. Among the various calcination temperatures, the Na2/3Mn1/2Fe1/4Co1/4O2 with a pure P2-type phase calcined at 900 degrees C demonstrates the best cycle capacity, with a first discharge capacity of 157 mA h g(-1) and a capacity retention of 91 mA h g(-1) after 100 cycles. For comparison, the classic P2-type Na2/3Mn1/2Fe1/2O2 cathode prepared under the same conditions shows a comparable first discharge capacity of 150 mA h g(-1) but poorer cycling stability, with a capacity retention of only 42 mA h g(-1) after 100 cycles. Based on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the introduction of cobalt together with sol-gel synthesis solves the severe capacity decay problem of P2-type Na2/2Mn1/2Fe1/2O2 by reducing the content of Mn and slowing down the loss of Mn on the surface of the Na2/3Mn1/2Fe1/4Co1/4O2, as well as by improving the activity of Fe3+ and the stability of Fe4+ in the electrode. This research is the first to demonstrate the origin of the excellent cycle stability of Na2/3Mn1/2Fe1/4Co1/4O2, which may provide a new strategy for the development of electrode materials for use in sodium-ion batteries.
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