Journal
CELL RESEARCH
Volume 28, Issue 9, Pages 918-933Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41422-018-0070-2
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Funding
- University of Southern California
- International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China [2015DFB30040]
- Schoenleber Pilot Research Grant from University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [R01DE017449, K99E025915]
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In the human body, 50-70 billion cells die every day, resulting in the generation of a large number of apoptotic bodies. However, the detailed biological role of apoptotic bodies in regulating tissue homeostasis remains unclear. In this study, we used Fas-deficient MRL/lpr and Caspase 3(-/-) mice to show that reduction of apoptotic body formation significantly impaired the self-renewal and osteo-/adipo-genic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Systemic infusion of exogenous apoptotic bodies rescued the MSC impairment and also ameliorated the osteopenia phenotype in MRL/lpr, Caspase 3(-/-) and ovariectomized (OVX) mice. Mechanistically, we showed that MSCs were able to engulf apoptotic bodies via integrin av beta 3 and reuse apoptotic body-derived ubiquitin ligase RNF146 and miR-328-3p to inhibit Axin1 and thereby activate the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway. Moreover, we used a parabiosis mouse model to reveal that apoptotic bodies participated in the circulation to regulate distant MSCs. This study identifies a previously unknown role of apoptotic bodies in maintaining MSC and bone homeostasis in both physiological and pathological contexts and implies the potential use of apoptotic bodies to treat osteoporosis.
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