Journal
CELL RESEARCH
Volume 28, Issue 7, Pages 730-745Publisher
SPRINGERNATURE
DOI: 10.1038/s41422-018-0053-3
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31625018, 81561138005, 31230047, 81521002, 91732301]
- National Basic Research Program of China [2014CB964600, 2017YFA0103303]
- Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDA16020601]
- Shanghai Brain-Intelligence Project from STCSM [16JC1420500]
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics at Peking University
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The cellular complexity of human brain development has been intensively investigated, although a regional characterization of the entire human cerebral cortex based on single-cell transcriptome analysis has not been reported. Here, we performed RNA-seq on over 4,000 individual cells from 22 brain regions of human mid-gestation embryos. We identified 29 cell sub-clusters, which showed different proportions in each region and the pons showed especially high percentage of astrocytes. Embryonic neurons were not as diverse as adult neurons, although they possessed important features of their destinies in adults. Neuron development was unsynchronized in the cerebral cortex, as dorsal regions appeared to be more mature than ventral regions at this stage. Region-specific genes were comprehensively identified in each neuronal sub-cluster, and a large proportion of these genes were neural disease related. Our results present a systematic landscape of the regionalized gene expression and neuron maturation of the human cerebral cortex.
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