Journal
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
Volume 198, Issue -, Pages 364-374Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.06.095
Keywords
Chitosan; Metal ions coordination; Nitrogen doping; Hierarchical porous carbon; Supercapacitor
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21406044]
- Zhejiang Province Nature Science Foundation of China [LQ17B060006]
- Zhejiang Technology Program [2017C31058]
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Chitosan has high synthetic flexibility, making it a promising nitrogenous bioresource for industrial applications. Nitrogen-rich hierarchically porous carbon (NHPC) was successfully synthesized by hydrothermal carbonization and self-activation of a chitosan-transition metal ion (Zn2+) complex. The N-2 adsorption-desorption isotherm revealed that the as-made NHPC had large specific surface area (1067 m(2) g(-1)) and a unique hierarchical pore structure (0.6-6.4 nm). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated a 3D finely interconnected nest architecture for NHPC. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis demonstrated that the nitrogen atoms in the chitosan were protected by coordination with zinc ions, and most of them were still retained in the carbon matrix (6.36 at%) after high temperature activation. Electrochemical measurements exhibited that NHPC delivers a high specific capacitance (228.7 Fg(-1) at 1 A g(-1)), impressive rate capability (the specific capacitance at 20 A g(-1) was 174 Fg(-1), maintaining 74.6% of the initial capacitance at 0.5 A g(-1)), and outstanding long-term cycling stability (98.3% retention after 5000 cycles), together with excellent energy density of 25.7 Wh kg(-1) at the power density of 500W kg(-1). This study offers a novel strategy for synthesizing NHPC as one of the desirable electrode material candidates for energy storage.
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