Controlled Sequential Shape Changing Components by 3D Printing of Shape Memory Polymer Multimaterials

In this paper, we demonstrate the feasibility of using 3D printing technique to create functional graded shape memory polymers (SMPs) with both spontaneous and sequential shape recovery abilities. The created SMP components, with properly assigned spatial variation of the thermodynamical property distribution, react rapidly to a thermal stimulus, and return to a specified configuration in a precisely controlled shape changing sequence. The use of the 3D printing technique enables a manufacturing routine with merits of easy implementation, large design freedom, and high printing resolution, which promises to advance immediate engineering applications for low-cost, rapid, and mass production. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.