Journal
CANCER CELL
Volume 33, Issue 4, Pages 581-598Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2018.03.005
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Funding
- Swim Across America
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy
- NIH/NCI Cancer Center Support Grant [P30 CA008748]
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy scholar award
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Checkpoint blockade has formally demonstrated that reactivating anti-tumor immune responses can regress tumors. However, this only occurs in a fraction of patients. Incorporating these therapies in more powerful combinations is thus a logical next step. Here, we review functional roles of immune checkpoints and molecular determinants of checkpoint-blockade clinical activity. Limited-size T cell-infiltrated tumors, differing substantially from self,'' generally respond to checkpoint blockade. Therefore, we propose that reducing tumor burden and increasing tumor immunogenicity are key factors to improve immunotherapy. Lastly, we outline criteria to select proper immunotherapy combination partners and highlight the importance of activity biomarkers for timely treatment optimization.
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