Journal
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 43, Issue 1, Pages 249-256Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.12.026
Keywords
Cytokines; IL6; Luciferase reporter assay; NF-kappa B p50; Teleost
Funding
- European Social Fund (ESF)
- Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania [AU11040 - DIREFO2]
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Interleukin-6 (IL6) is a pleiotropic cytokine with important immunoregulatory functions. Its expression is inducible in immune cells and tissues of several fish species. We also found that IL6 mRNA abundance was significantly increased in spleen, liver, and gill of rainbow trout after experimental infection with Aeromonas salmonicida. Genomic DNA sequences of IL6 orthologs from three salmonid species revealed a conserved exon/intron structure and a high overall nucleotide identity of >88%. To uncover key mechanisms regulating IL6 expression in salmonid fish, we amplified a fragment of the proximal IL6 promoter from rainbow trout and identified in-silico conserved binding sites for NF-kappa B and CEBP. The activity of this IL6 promoter fragment was analyzed in the established human embryonic kidney line HEK-293. Luciferase- and GFP-based reporter systems revealed that the proximal IL6 promoter is activated by Escherichia coil. Essentially, both reporter systems proved that NF-kappa B p50, but not NF-kappa B p65 or CEBP, activates the IL6 promoter fragment. Truncation of this fragment caused a significant decrease in IL6 promoter activation. This characterization of the proximal promoter of the IL6-encoding gene provides basic knowledge about the IL6 gene expression in rainbow trout. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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