Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW D
Volume 93, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.93.012004
Keywords
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Funding
- Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- U.S. Department of Energy
- U.S. National Science Foundation
- Research Foundation of Korea (BK21)
- Korean Ministry of Science and Technology
- National Research Foundation of Korea [NRF-20110024009]
- European Union [PN-284518, GA-2011-289442]
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- National Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada
- Scinet and Westgrid consortia of Compute Canada
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [11235006]
- Research Foundation of Korea (KNRC)
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [26400292, 26000003, 26104006, 24103004, 24103001] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Cosmic-ray-muon spallation-induced radioactive isotopes with beta decays are one of the major backgrounds for solar, reactor, and supernova relic neutrino experiments. Unlike in scintillator, production yields for cosmogenic backgrounds in water have not been exclusively measured before, yet they are becoming more and more important in next generation neutrino experiments designed to search for rare signals. We have analyzed the low-energy trigger data collected at Super-Kamiokande IV in order to determine the production rates of B-12, N-12, N-16, Be-11, Li-9, He-8, C-9, Li-8, B-8, and C-15. These rates were extracted from fits to time differences between parent muons and subsequent daughter beta's by fixing the known isotope lifetimes. Since 9Li can fake an inverse-beta-decay reaction chain via a beta + n cascade decay, producing an irreducible background with detected energy up to a dozen MeV, a dedicated study is needed for evaluating its impact on future measurements; the application of a neutron tagging technique using correlated triggers was found to improve this Li-9 measurement. The measured yields were generally found to be comparable with theoretical calculations, except the cases of the isotopes Li-8/B-8 and Li-9.
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