Journal
PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW
Volume 20, Issue 1, Pages 27-48Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/1088868314568811
Keywords
helping/prosocial behavior; morality; research methods; religion; priming
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Funding
- Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada [895 2011-1009]
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Priming has emerged as a valuable tool within the psychological study of religion, allowing for tests of religion's causal effect on a number of psychological outcomes, such as prosocial behavior. As the literature has grown, questions about the reliability and boundary conditions of religious priming have arisen. We use a combination of traditional effect-size analyses, p-curve analyses, and adjustments for publication bias to evaluate the robustness of four types of religious priming (Analyses 1-3), review the empirical evidence for religion's effect specifically on prosocial behavior (Analyses 4-5), and test whether religious-priming effects generalize to individuals who report little or no religiosity (Analyses 6-7). Results across 93 studies and 11,653 participants show that religious priming has robust effects across a variety of outcome measures-prosocial measures included. Religious priming does not, however, reliably affect non-religious participants-suggesting that priming depends on the cognitive activation of culturally transmitted religious beliefs.
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