Journal
BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES
Volume 36, Issue 7, Pages 1870-1881Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.07.005
Keywords
Yeast; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Synthetic biology; Abstraction; Genetic toolkits; Applications
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Funding
- Synthetic Biology Initiative of the National University of Singapore [DPRT/943/09/14]
- Singapore Ministry of Education [MOE/2014/T2/2/128]
- Synthetic Biology RD Programme [SBP-P2]
- Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) [HDTRA1-13-1-0037]
- Summit Research Program of the National University Health System [NUHSRO/2016/053/SRP/05]
- Industry Alignment Fund-Industry Collaboration Project of the National Research Foundation of Singapore [ICP1600012]
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Synthetic biologists construct biological components and systems to look into biological phenomena and drive a myriad of practical applications that aim to tackle current global challenges in energy, healthcare and the environment. While most tools have been established in bacteria, particularly Escherichia colt, recent years have seen parallel developments in the model yeast strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae, one of the most well-understood eukaryotic biological system. Here, we outline the latest advances in yeast synthetic biology tools based on a framework of abstraction hierarchies of parts, circuits and genomes. In brief, the creation and characterization of biological parts are explored at the transcriptional, translational and post-translational levels. Using characterized parts as building block units, the designing of functional circuits is elaborated with examples. In addition, the status and potential applications of synthetic genomes as a genome level platform for biological system construction are also discussed. In addition to the development of a toolkit, we describe how those tools have been applied in the areas of drug production and screening, study of disease mechanisms, pollutant sensing and bioremediation. Finally, we provide a future outlook of yeast as a workhorse of eukaryotic genetics and a chosen chassis in this field.
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