Journal
BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
Volume 82, Issue 6, Pages 956-962Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2017.1415129
Keywords
Geranylgeraniol; cAMP; PKA; steroidogenesis; testosterone; progesterone
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Funding
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) [17H03814]
- JSPS Core-to-Core Program A (Advanced Research Networks) entitled: Establishment of international agricultural immunology research-core for a quantum improvement in food safety
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [17H03814] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Isoprenoids play widely differing roles in various physiological processes in animals and plants. Geranylgeraniol (GGOH) is an isoprenoid found in plants, and is an important metabolic derivative in the isoprenoid/cholesterol synthesis pathway. Earlier studies focused on GGOH's ability to improve the side effects of bisphosphonate therapy by regulating the mevalonate pathway. More recently, the mevalonate pathway-independent effects of GGOH have been described, including anti-inflammatory, anti-tumorigenic, and neuroprotective activities. It is noteworthy that GGOH regulates the steroidogenesis pathway in testis-derived I-10 tumor cells. Testosterone is a hormone produced via steroidogenesis in testicles and plays a role in fetal development and the male reproductive system. GGOH enhanced testosterone and progesterone (its precursor) levels in I-10 cells by activating adenylate cyclase via cAMP/PKA signaling, without altering phosphodiesterase activity. These findings highlight the potential benefits of GGOH as a therapeutic agent for low testosterone levels, such as late-onset hypogonadism in men.
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