Journal
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
Volume 115, Issue -, Pages 108-119Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2018.04.017
Keywords
Biofuels; Sugarcane ethanol; Brazilian cerrado; Input-output model; WEF nexus approach; Energy policy
Funding
- National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels - ANP [16.783]
- Financial Agency for Studies and Projects - FINEP
- Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovation and Communication - MCTIC, through the Human Resource Program for Petroleum and Gas sector - PRH/MCTI [16.783]
- CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education, Brazil [BEX 0429-15-5]
- University of Technology, Sydney
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Concerns about impacts of biomass growth for biofuel production emphasize the importance of planning energy crops expansion considering land, water, food and biodiversity. Brazil is the second largest ethanol producer worldwide and sugarcane is cultivated in many regions, including the Brazilian Cerrado (a Savannah-type biome). This paper analyses the impacts of first-generation sugarcane expansion in the Paranaiba basin (Goias State), focusing on how future demand for ethanol could affect local resources availability. The study area is a sugarcane expansion frontier in Brazil, thus, the Cerrado biome should be focus of research considering competition for land and water uses. An economic-ecologic Input-Output (IO) framework was applied to develop a water-energy-food (WEF) nexus analysis. The Goias' IO table was expanded to assess water, energy and land uses, GHG emissions and employment levels through six different ethanol supply scenarios. Results show that if sugarcane expansion projected to 2030 considers the Goias' extended IO structure for the year 2008, it should cause little impact on land and water availability in the state, due to both the ample availability of suitable pasturelands for sugarcane expansion as well as water in most of the Paranaiba basin. The WEF nexus analysis is a valuable tool on guiding the sustainable management of natural resources considering water, energy, land use and GHG emissions as goals to the same policy. In particular, the hybrid extended IO-WEF nexus framework is useful to design effective biofuel policies, collectively addressing impacts on environmental, social and economic spheres, in a local or broader context.
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