Hematobiochemical Disturbances and Oxidative Stress After Subacute Manganese Chloride Exposure and Potential Protective Effects of Ebselen in Rats

The present study aimed to detect the possible disturbances induced by subacute exposure to manganese chloride (MnCl2) on some biomarkers of hematology, clinical chemistry and oxidative stress, serum iron homeostasis, and ferritin status beside the histopathological alterations in hepatic and renal tissues, and the potential protective effects of ebselen on the Mn toxicity were also evaluated. Forty-eight rats were divided into four groups: Group 1 was used as a control. Groups 2, 3, and 4 were administered of ebselen as a single protective dose (15mg/kg BW) intraperitoneal, daily manganese chloride (50 mg/kg BW) orally, and ebselen plus manganese chloride, respectively. The administrations were conducted for 30days. Blood and tissue samples were collected at the end of the treatment for various experimental tests. Results revealed that MnCl2 did not significantly change in erythrogram with leukocytosis and neutrophilia but significantly increased serum aminotransferases and alkaline phosphatase activities, bilirubin (total, direct, and indirect), globulins, triglycerides, total cholesterol, creatinine, urea, manganese, iron and ferritin concentrations and hepatic glutathione, renal malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels and hepatic superoxide dismutase activity, while serum albumin, hepatic malondialdehyde, and nitric oxide concentrations were significantly decreased besides non-statistical change in serum total proteins concentration. Ebselen has reduced the disturbances in these analytes in combined treatment group. Collectively, subacute exposure to MnCl2 causes disturbance in the leukogram, and hepatic and renal functions with marked renal oxidative stress. It also disturbed serum iron homeostasis and ferritin status. Remarkably, ebselen appears to be highly effective in attenuating the various adverse effects of manganese.