Journal
FEBS LETTERS
Volume 589, Issue 15, Pages 1787-1794Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.05.013
Keywords
Flavonoids; Ellagic acid; Gallic acid; Glycogen phosphorylase; Type 2 diabetes; Enzyme inhibition; X-ray crystallography
Funding
- European Social Fund (ESF)
- National Resources
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly
- EU FP7 Programme (FP7) under BioStruct-X [283570]
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We present a study on the binding of gallic acid and its dimer ellagic acid to glycogen phosphorylase (GP). Ellagic acid is a potent inhibitor with K(i)s of 13.4 and 7.5 mu M, in contrast to gallic acid which displays K(i)s of 1.7 and 3.9 mM for GPb and GPa, respectively. Both compounds are competitive inhibitors with respect to the substrate, glucose-1-phoshate, and non-competitive to the allosteric activator, AMP. However, only ellagic acid functions with glucose in a strongly synergistic mode. The crystal structures of the GPb-gallic acid and GPb-ellagic acid complexes were determined at high resolution, revealing that both ligands bind to the inhibitor binding site of the enzyme and highlight the structural basis for the significant difference in their inhibitory potency. (C) 2015 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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