Journal
JOURNAL OF MEDIA PSYCHOLOGY-THEORIES METHODS AND APPLICATIONS
Volume 28, Issue 1, Pages 1-15Publisher
HOGREFE PUBLISHING CORP
DOI: 10.1027/1864-1105/a000137
Keywords
spatial presence; measurement; self-report; immersion
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The study of spatial presence is currently receiving increased attention in both media psychology and communication research. The present paper introduces the Spatial Presence Experience Scale (SPES), a short eight-item self-report measure. The SPES is derived from a process model of spatial presence (Wirth et al., 2007, Media Psychology, 9, 493-525), and assesses spatial presence as a two-dimensional construct that comprises a user's self-location and perceived possible actions in a media environment. The SPES is shorter than many other available spatial presence scales, and can be conveniently applied to diverse media settings. Two studies are reported (N-1 = 290, N-2 = 395) that confirm sound psychometric qualities for the SPES.
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