Journal
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
Volume 200, Issue -, Pages 126-138Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2017.09.020
Keywords
Convective rainfall; Autocorrelation; Semiarid; arid climate; X-Band weather radar
Categories
Funding
- Lady Davis Fellowship Trust [project: RainFreq]
- Israel Science Foundation [1007/15]
- PALEX DFG project [BR 2208/13-1]
- NSF-BSF grant [BSF 2016953]
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Small scale rainfall variability is a key factor driving runoff response in fast responding systems, such as mountainous, urban and arid catchments. In this paper, the spatial-temporal autocorrelation structure of convective rainfall is derived with extremely high resolutions (60 m, 1 min) using estimates from an X-Band weather radar recently installed in a semiarid-arid area. The 2-dimensional spatial autocorrelation of convective rainfall fields and the temporal autocorrelation of point-wise and distributed rainfall fields are examined. The auto correlation structures are characterized by spatial anisotropy, correlation distances similar to 1.5-2.8 km and rarely exceeding 5 km, and time-correlation distances similar to 1.8-6.4 min and rarely exceeding 10 min. The observed spatial variability is expected to negatively affect estimates from rain gauges and microwave links rather than satellite and C-/S-Band radars; conversely, the temporal variability is expected to negatively affect remote sensing estimates rather than rain gauges. The presented results provide quantitative information for stochastic weather generators, cloud-resolving models, dryland hydrologic and agricultural models, and multi-sensor merging techniques.
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