Journal
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
Volume 818, Issue 2, Pages -Publisher
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.3847/0004-637X/818/2/177
Keywords
planets and satellites: detection; planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability; planets and satellites: fundamental parameters
Categories
Funding
- NASA [NNX13AF20G, NNX13AF62G, NNH05ZDA001C]
- NASA Astrobiology Institutes Virtual Planetary Laboratory
- National Science Foundation [NSF PHY11-25915]
- Joint Center for Planetary Astronomy fellowship
- NASA [NNX13AF62G, 475048] Funding Source: Federal RePORTER
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Characterization of transiting planets with transit timing variations (TTVs) requires understanding how to translate the observed TTVs into masses and orbital elements of the planets. This can be challenging in multi-planet transiting systems, but fortunately these systems tend to be nearly plane-parallel and low eccentricity. Here we present a novel derivation of analytic formulae for TTVs that are accurate to first order in the planet-star mass ratios and in the orbital eccentricities. These formulae are accurate in proximity to first-order resonances, as well as away from resonance, and compare well with more computationally expensive N-body integrations in the low-eccentricity, low mass-ratio regime when applied to simulated and to actual multi-transiting Kepler planet systems. We make code available for implementing these formulae.
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